Objective To study changes of Chinese medical pattern before and after renal transplantation. Methods Totally 54 patients without rejection and complication were selected after renal transplantation. The characteristics of Chinese medical pattern were studied from the 1st day before surgery to the 28th day after surgery. Results The total pattern frequency decreased progressively. The pattern frequency of yin-yang deficiency

water damp

blood stasis and damp heat decreased progressively

while liver-kidney yin deficiency and spleen-kidney qi deficiency increased progressively. The pattern frequency of phlegm heat and damp turbidity increased progressively at first

then decreased. All pattern scores decreased obviously after surgery. Conclusion The therapeutical principle in earlier stage of renal transplantation should be eliminating tip repletion

and quickening the blood

clearing heat and transforming damp-turbidity and phlegm-rheum as methods.