Objective To explore the relation between human leukocyte antigen DQB1（HLA-DQB1） gene polymorphism and antisperm antibody of kidney yin deficiency immune sterility patients. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers technique was used for the genotype analysis to study the allele in HLA-DQB1 in 57 kidney yin deficiency immune sterility patients and 60 healthy people of Han nationality. Results The allelic frequency of HLA-DQB1*0604 was significantly increased in immune sterility patients than that of the healthy subjects（P<0.05）

and the allelic frequency of HLA-DQB1*0303 was obviously lower than that of the healthy subjects（P<0.05）. Conclusion The HLA-DQB1 *0604 allele may be susceptible gene for kidney yin deficiency immune sterility patients with antisperm antibody positive

and the HLA-DQB1*0303 allele may be protective gene for immune sterility patients.