Objective To observe the effect of Chinese herbal decoction for oral taking and enema on chronic ulcerative colitis （UC） with the large intestine damp heat syndrome in TCM. Methods Sixty-four UC patients were randomized into treatment group of 31 cases treated by Chinese herbal decoction for oral taking and enema

and control group of 33 cases medicated by mesalamine 1g each time

4 times a day. After the treatment for 8 weeks in succession

the clinical effect and TCM syndrome effect were evaluated with the main symptom scores and intestinal mucosa scores. And the adverse reactions were also observed. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 87.1%

better than 75.8% of the control group （P<0.05）. The symptom scores including abdominal pain

diarrhea

and purulent bloody stool of the patients of both groups were significantly lowered （P<0.05）

and the scores of abdominal pain and diarrhea of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group （P<0.05）. The improvement of the intestinal mucosa score of the treatment group was better than that of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Chinese herbal decoction for oral taking and enema is effective for chronic UC with the large intestine damp heat syndrome in TCM.