Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of TCM comprehensive conservative therapy for degenerative spondylolisthesis.Methods Totally 121 cases of degenerative spondylolisthesis were randomized into the TCM group and western medicine （WM） group

with 61 and 60 in each.The TCM group was treated with TCM granules

manual therapy and exercises.The WM group was treated with Glucosamine Indomethacin Capsules

waist traction and wearing waist trimmer belt.Both groups were treated for 2 weeks.The Japanese Orthopaedic Association （JOA） scoring system and Visual Analogue Scale （VAS） was marked before and after treatment and during the follow-up （one month after the end of treatment）.The parallel and angular displacement was checked by X-ray determination once before and after treatment.The therapeutic effect was observed.Results The VAS scores and JOA scores were significantly decreased in both groups after treatment and during the follow-up （P<0.01）.The total effective rate after treatment and during the follow-up was 93.5% and 95.1% in the TCM group

while 81.7% and 81.7% in the WM group

with a significant difference between groups （P<0.01）.There was no significant difference between before and after treatment in the parallel and angular displacement of spondylolisthesis in both groups （P>0.05）.Conclusion TCM comprehensive conservative therapy is effective for degenerative spondylolisthesis with a better therapeutic effect than WM conservative therapy.