Objective To study the protective effects of enema cream combined with retention enema with TCM fumigants and lotion on anus and anal canal in patients with ulcerative colitis（ UC）. Methods Totally 120 UC patients who received retention enema were randomized into 4 groups

with 30 in each. The treatment group was given TCM fumigants and lotion before enema

and enema cream was used for lubrication. The No. 1 control group was fumigated and washed with warm water and lubricated with enema cream. The No. 2 control group was lubricated with enema cream. The No. 3 control group was lubricated with liquid paraffin oil. Each group was received retention enema twice daily. One treatment course lasted for 21 days. The objective evaluation by researchers

subjective evaluation by patients and overall assessment by patients were observed. Results The objective evaluation by researchers showed that the case numbers of anal edema

redness and ulceration in the treatment group were fewer than those in three control groups（ P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01）

and the numbers of patients who received over 4-hour retention enema in the treatment group were more than those in three control groups（ P < 0. 05）. The subjective evaluation by patients showed that the case numbers of intubation discomfort

injection discomfort

fall feeling of anus

abdominal discomfort after enema

and itching in the treatment group were fewer than those in three control groups

and the pain score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in three control groups（ P < 0. 05）. The satisfaction of overall assessment in the treatment group was superior to that in three control groups（ P < 0. 05）. Conclusion The combo therapy of enema cream and TCM fumigants and lotion can lessen the irritation to anal mucosa

reduce pain and increase comfort.