Objective To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Longshengzhi Capsules combined with western medicine on mild vascular dementia（ MVD） patients with qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome. Methods Eighty cases of MVD were randomized into the treatment group of 48 cases and control group of 32 cases at a ratio of3: 2. Both groups were given basic treatment. The treatment group was added with Longshengzhi Capsules 2. 0 g each time

three times each day. The control group was added with Oxiracetam Capsules 0. 8 g each time

three times each day. The treatment lasted for 6 months. The Mini-Mental State Examination（ MMSE）

activities of daily living（ ADL）

TCM syndromes and the changes of S100 B protein and soluble CD40 ligand（ SCD40L） were observed in both groups. Results The total effective rate of TCM syndromes in the treatment group and control group was85. 42% and 62. 50% respectively

with a significant difference between groups（ P < 0. 05）. The scores of MMSE in the treatment group were significantly increased after treatment except the language score（ P < 0. 05）. The orientation score was significantly increased after treatment in the control group（ P < 0. 05）. The memory score and total score in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment（ P < 0. 05）. There was no significant difference between groups in the scores of calculation

memorization

orientation and language after treatment（ P > 0. 05）. The scores of Physical Self-Maintenance Scale（ PSMS） were significantly decreased in the treatment group after treatment（ P < 0. 05）

with a significant difference between groups（ P < 0. 05）. There was no significant difference between before and after treatment in the scores of ADL and Instrumental ADL（ IADL） in both groups（ P > 0. 05）. There was no significant difference between groups in the scores of ADL and IADL（ P > 0. 05）.The scores of TCM syndromes were significantly decreased in both groups after treatment（ P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01）

especially in the treatment group（ P < 0. 05）. The levels of S100 B protein and SCD40 L were significantly decreased in both groups after treatment

especially in the treatment group（ P < 0. 01）. Conclusion The combo therapy of Longshengzhi Capsules and western medicine is effective for VD with qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome. Its mechanism may be relevant to inhibiting the damage and inflammation of brain tissue.