Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of SHI’ s traumatology-based acupuncture and Chinese medicine（ CM） therapy combined with hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction after brain injury.Methods Totally 116 patients with cognitive dysfunction after brain injury were randomly divided into integrated treatment group of 40 cases

CM group of 39 cases and acupuncture group of 37 cases. All groups were given hyperbaric oxygen therapy and routine western medicine

while the acupuncture group was added with SHI’s traumatologybased acupuncture treatment

5 times a week

30 times as a course; the CM group was added with SHI’s traumatologybased herbal decoction

1 dose per day

30 days as a course; the integrated treatment group was given both the same acupuncture and herbal decoction as the above. The Chinese version Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination（ NCSE）

Mini-Mental State Examination（ MMSE）

Functional Independence Measure（ FIM） were scored before and after the treatment to evaluate function independency of activities of daily living. Results After treatment

scores of language ability

reasoning ability

memory ability

motor function and cognitive function and the total scores of MCSE

MMSE and FIM of all groups significantly increased（ P < 0. 01）. Scores of language ability

reasoning ability and memory ability and the total scores of NCSE and MMSE of the integrated treatment group were significantly superior to those of the acupuncture group and CM group（ P < 0. 01）. FIM total score and cognitive function score of the integrated treatment group and acupuncture group were significantly superior to those of the CM group（ P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01）. Conclusion SHI’s traumatology-based acupuncture and herbal decoction combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy could significantly improve the language ability

reasoning ability

memory capacity and cognitive function in patients with cognitive dysfunction after brain injury

which was more effective than simply using acupuncture or CM.