This article suggests the hypothesis of the modern medicine nature of"essence of Zang-Fu organs"and"Qi of Zang-Fu organs"in Chinese medicine based on their connotation. The nature of the "essence of Zang-Fu organs"in modern medicine mainly manifests in the organic collection of all the cells of Zang-Fu organs and the cellular microenvironment including extracellular matrix

tissue fluid and intercellular signaling molecules etc.

while the nature of "Qi of Zang-Fu organs"in modern medicine primarily involves some special proteins

small biomolecules and adenosine triphosphate（ ATP） that keep moving

interact with each other and work together in molecular level for energy transformation. Based on the aforementioned hypothesis

this article suggests the modern medicine principle of the essence of Zang-Fu organs turning into Qi of Zang-Fu organs

via stating the modern medicine mechanism of the"essence of Zang-Fu organs turning into Qi of Zang-Fu organs". It also discusses the modern medicine mechanism of Qi-supplementing Chinese herbs supplementing Qi through cellular signaling pathways.