Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbs in the treatment of extensively drugresistant tuberculosis（ XDR-TB）. Methods Eighty XDR-TB patients from 6 designated hospital for tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment from November 2013 to November 2015 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into4 groups

with 20 cases in each group. Yifei Tongluo Decoction（ 益肺通络方） group was given Yifei Tongluo Decoction granules

18. 54 g each time

twice a day. Kanglao Qingfei Decoction（ 抗痨清肺方） group was given Kanglao Qingfei Decoction granule

15. 08 g each time

twice a day. In addition to the treatment in the Yifei Tongluo Decoction group

Yifei Tongluo Decoction combined with atomization group was given atomizing Yifei Jingbai Decoction（ 益 肺精白方）water agent filled in ampoules

10 ml each time

5 to 10 minutes each time. In addition to the treatment in the Kanglao Qingfei Decoction group

Kanglao Qingfei Decoction combined with atomization group was given atomizing Yifei Jingbai Decoction water agent filled in ampoules

10 ml each time

5 to 10 minutes each time. Each group was continually treated for 12 months. The treatment improvement condition

the degree of lesion absorption and the efficacy of Chinese medical syndrome in each group were observed and compared after treatment. Results After treatment

there were 61 patients completely meeting the needs for research scheme. The therapeutic success rate was 23. 0%

the total death rate was 6. 5%

the rate of pulmonary lesion absorption was 37. 7% and the total effective rate of Chinese medicine syndrome was 63. 9%. There was no statistical significance in the differences among the above indexes among all groups（ P > 0. 05）. No side effect was found in the 61 patients during the course of the treatment.Conclusion Chinese herbs could effectively promote sputum negative conversion and pulmonary lesion absorption in the treatment of XDR-TB. Chinese herbs could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of the patients.