Objective To observe the efficacy and its possible mechanism of Bushen Tongmai Decoction in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）. Methods Ninety six patients with acute myocardial infarction after emergency PCI were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group

with 48 cases in each group. The control group was given the conventional therapy. In addition to the conventional therapy

the treatment group was given Bushen Tongmai Decoction orally for 4 weeks from the second day after PCI. Serum levels of TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway-related factors were measured before and after treatment. The related factors included interleukin-6（IL-6）

tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）

Toll-like receptor4（TLR4） protein and nuclear factor-κB（NF-κB） protein. Cardiac function efficacy was evaluated after treatment.Results After treatment

the total effective rate of cardiac function efficacy in the treatment group was 95. 8%

which was higher than that in the control group（85. 4%

P < 0. 05）. There was no statistical significant difference in levels of IL-6

TNF-α

TLR4 protein and NF-κB protein between the treatment group and control group before treatment（P > 0. 05）. The levels of IL-6

TNF-α

TLR4 protein and NF-κB protein in each group after treatment were both lower than those before treatment（P < 0. 05）

and the levels of those indicators in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group（P < 0. 05）. Conclusion Bushen Tongmai Decoction seems to have myocardial protective effect on patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI. The possible mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activation of TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway and the decrease of the expression of the downstream inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6.