Objective To study the effects of Qianlongtong Capsule（ 前癃通胶囊） on the histopathology of prostate tissue in rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia（ BPH）. Methods The BPH model rats was established by orchidoepididymectomy and subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate. Sixty BPH rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Control group

model group

Qiantongtong Capsule high-dose group

middle-dose group

low-dose group

with 12 rats in each group. Another 12 rats were recruited as the blank group. The medication was started from the 8 th day to the 21 st day after modeling

with the dose of 0. 51

1. 02 and 2. 04 g/（ kg·d） in the low-dose group

middle-dose group and high-dose group of Qiantongtong Capsule respectively by gavage. Qiantongtong Capsule solution（ 2. 04 g/kg·d） was given to the control group by gavage. Equal volume of normal saline（ 10 ml/kg ·d）was given to the rats in the model group and the blank group by gavage. The body weight and prostate-related index of the rats were measured

and the pathological changes and ultrastructure of prostate tissue were observed by light microscopy. Results Compared with the blank group

the weight

volume and indexes of prostate were all increased in model group. Meanwhile

the pathology of prostate indicated the hyperplasia of epithelial cell of the gland

the thicken of glandular epithelium

the papillary hyperplastic gland protruded into the glandular cavity

the broaden of glandular cavity

more secretion and the enlargement of the prostate gland epithelium area and stroma area（ P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01）. Qiantongtong Capsule high-dose group

middle-dose group

low-dose group and control group can effectively improve the pathological changes of prostate in BPH rats

reduce the wet weight

volume and index of prostate

and reduce the area and interstitial area of prostate gland.（ P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01）. The Qiantongtong Capsule high-dose group had the best effects

which was better than the control group（ P < 0. 05）. Conclusion Qianlongtong Capsule can improve the pathological changes of prostate gland epithelium and interstitium of BPH rats

and reduce prostate volume and lower the prostate index.