Objective To study the underlying biological mechanism of Radix Ginseng-Poria drug pair in the treatment of senile dementia on the basis of network pharmacology. Methods The active components of Radix Ginseng and Poria were collected by using TCMSP database and text mining

and the parameters such as oral utilization rate

blood-brain barrier permeability and drug similarity were screened. Through chemical component target prediction and target comments

the active component-target network and target-disease network were constructed and topological analysis was conducted using Cytoscape 3. 6 software to predict the important components and targets. GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis of the target of Radix Ginseng and Poria were performed with the DAVID database. Results The 28 active ingredients of Radix Ginseng-Poria drug pair were screened

including 22 in Radix Ginseng and 6 in Poria; 89 drug targets were obtained

including estrogen receptor

androgen receptor

progesterone receptor and acetylcholine receptor M3

acetylcholine receptor M1

etc. The 10 potential treatment diseases of the drug pair were found to be neurological diseases

endocrine system diseases

immune system diseases

cardiovascular diseases

mental disorders

metabolic diseases

nutritional disorders

digestive diseases

bacterial infections or fungal diseases

and cancer. Enrichment analysis of 10 potential signaling pathways associated with senile dementia included neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions

calcium signaling pathways

cholinergic synapses

renin secretion

and estrogen signaling pathways. Conclusion Radix Ginseng-Poria drug pair has the characteristics of multiple targets

multiple pathways and multiple channels in treating senile dementia. Its main biological mechanism may be related to neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

calcium signaling pathway

and cholinergic synaptic signaling pathways.