Objective To evaluate the clinical consistency of Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine: Infantile Aphtha（Revised）

and to provide reference for the revision. Methods According to the requirements of the implementation plan of clinical application evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） diagnosis and treatment guidelines issued by National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine

a total of 13 first class hospitals across the country adopted prospective and retrospective case investigation and analysis methods to complete the case information collection of infantile aphthous

filling in the consistency test form of TCM diagnosis and treatment（case questionnaire）

mainly to evaluate the clinical consistency of clinical cases with the guidelines in diagnosis

syndrome differentiation

treatment

decoction

Chinese patent medicine

other therapies

and prevention and adjustment etc. Results Compared the collected clinical data of 254 effective cases with the guidelines

the diagnosis of TCM（overall agreement rate 100%）

diagnosis basis of TCM（99.22%）

diagnosis of western medicine（99.61%）

diagnosis basis of western medicine（99.61%）

syndrome differentiation（98.03%）

syndrome diagnosis basis（98.42%）

treatment rules（98.01%）

preventive adjustment（98.02%） have high consistency. The consistency is slightly lower in prescription composition and usage（85.92%）

Chinese patent medicine（87.28%） and other therapies（62.5%）. Conclusion The consistency of guideline is comparatively good and is in accordance with clinical practice.