Coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19） belongs to the category of "dampness toxin epidemic" in traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）

and the fatality rate of critical illness is extremely high. A critical case of COVID-19 with rapidly progressed lung lesions is reported

and the patient was successfully treated by Western medicine symptomatic treatment combined with TCM syndrome differentiation treatment. In this case

the pestilence pathogen being mixed with dampness damaging lung leads to internal retention of damp heat

dampness toxin obstructing lung

toxin damaging collaterals and lung and spleen qi deficiency. For patients from severe to critically ill

and then transforming to the recovery period

the treatment methods are ventilating lungs and pathogen

clearing heat and dampness

removing blood stasis and dredging collaterals

and supplementing the lungs and invigorating the spleen. They are in line with the TCM diagnosis and treatment plan with satisfactory results.