Objective To explore the possible mechanism of Xiehuang Jiejing Zhixiao Granules（XJZG

蝎黄解痉治哮颗粒） for the treatment of bronchial asthma. Methods Thirty-five female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into blank group

model group

montelukast group

XJZG low-dose and high-dose groups

with 7 rats in each group. The mice model of airway remodeling in asthma was established by aerosol inhalation of ovalbumin（OVA） in all the groups except for blank group. The montelukast group

the XJZG low-dose and high-dose groups were administered with 0.5 mg/kg montelukast

and 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg XJZG by gavage

respectively

while the blank group and model group were given normal saline by gavage

with 200μl per mouse; each group received intervention once every other day. The total number of cells and classified inflammatory cells in alveolar lavage fluid（BALF） of mice in each group were recorded

and the pathological changes of lung tissues were identified by HE

PAS and Masson staining. The expression of serine/threonine-protein kinases（AKT）

hypoxia inducible factor-1α（HIF-1α） and α-smooth muscle actin（α-SMA） in lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemical method. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of α-SMA in lung tissue. Results Compared to those of the the blank group

a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated around the airway in the model group; the number of airway goblet cells and the degree of mucus secretion and subepithelial fibrosis increased significantly; the total number of cells and the number of eosinophils

neutrophils

and lymphocytes

as well as the expression of AKT

HIF-1α and α-SMA protein significantly increased（P<0.05）. Compared to model group

high-dose XJZG group and montelukast group significantly reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells

the number of epithelial goblet cells and mucus

the degree of airway subepithelial fibrosis

the number of total cells and various types of cells

and the expression of AKT

HIF-1α and α-SMA protein（P<0.05）. Conclusion XJZG can improve airway remodeling in asthmatic model mice

and high-dose XJZG has better effects. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway and the α-SMA and HIF-1α proteins expression in the lung tissues.