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1.中国中医科学院西苑医院,北京市海淀区西苑操场1号,100091
2.北京中医药大学
Received:24 December 2024,
Revised:2025-04-30,
Published:02 July 2025
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吕咪,黄开月,王小康等.基于文献的胃食管反流病不同亚型动物模型构建方法的分析[J].中医杂志,2025,66(13):1386-1394.
LYU Mi,HUANG Kaiyue,WANG Xiaokang,et al.Analysis of Animal Model Construction Methods of Different Subtypes of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Based on Literature[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2025,66(13):1386-1394.
吕咪,黄开月,王小康等.基于文献的胃食管反流病不同亚型动物模型构建方法的分析[J].中医杂志,2025,66(13):1386-1394. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2025.13.014.
LYU Mi,HUANG Kaiyue,WANG Xiaokang,et al.Analysis of Animal Model Construction Methods of Different Subtypes of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Based on Literature[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2025,66(13):1386-1394. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2025.13.014.
目的
2
基于文献分析胃食管反流病(GERD)不同亚型动物模型方法的特点与差异,为该领域研究者动物造模提供参考。
方法
2
检索2014年1月1日至2024年1月27日期间中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库、Web of Science和PubMed数据库中与GERD[包括反流性食管炎(RE)、非糜烂性反流病(NERD)和巴雷特食管(BE)]造模相关的实验研究。提取动物品系、性别、造模方法(涵盖中医病证结合模型)、造模周期;对于开展了模型评价的研究,再提取模型评价的方法信息;对提取信息进行分析。
结果
2
共纳入182篇文献。在诱导RE和NERD动物模型时最常选用的为SD大鼠(88/148、59.46%,9/14、64.29%),BE最常选用的是C57BL/6小鼠(11/20,55.00%)。雄性动物(RE:111/135,82.22%;NERD:11/14,78.57%;BE:10/12,83.33%)在三种亚型中均最常见。RE以食管黏膜层结构性损伤、胃内容物反流或混合反流为造模关键,其中前胃结扎+幽门不全结扎(42/158,26.58%)是最常见的造模方法;NERD以食管黏膜微炎症、内脏高敏感和情绪问题为造模关键,鸡卵清蛋白合氢氧化铝混合悬液腹腔注射+食管下段酸灌注(8/14,57.14%)是最常见的造模方法;BE以食管黏膜长期炎症刺激和胆汁酸反流为造模关键,构建白细胞介素2-白细胞介素1β转基因小鼠(7/25,28.00%)为最常见的造模方法。不良心理应激是诱导肝郁最常见的方法。
结论
2
RE、NERD和BE动物模型的构建关键与方法存在显著差异,研究者需根据亚型特点选择适宜模型(如RE侧重结构损伤,NERD关注内脏高敏感)。当前研究对中医病证结合模型的探索不足,未来需优化证候造模方法(如复合病因模拟)并建立中西医结合评价体系,以更好地支持中医药机制研究。
Objective
2
To collate and compare the characteristics and differences in the methods for constructing animal models of different subtypes of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) based on literature, providing a reference for researchers in this field regarding animal model construction.
Methods
2
Experimental studies related to GERD including reflux esophagitis (RE), nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) and Barrett's esophagus (BE) model construction from January 1, 2014 to January 27, 2024, were retrieved from databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Web of Science, and Pubmed. Information on animal strains, genders, modeling methods including disease-syndrome combination models, modeling cycles were extracted; for studies with model evaluation, the methods of model evaluation were also extracted; then analyzing all those information.
Results
2
A total of 182 articles were included. SD rats were most frequently selected when inducing animal models of RE (88/148, 59.46%) and NERD (9/14, 64.29%). For BE, C57BL/6 mice were most commonly used (11/20, 55.00%). Male animals (RE: 111/135, 82.22%; NERD: 11/14, 78.57%; BE: 10/12, 83.33%) were the most common gender among the three subtypes. The key to constructing RE animal models lies in structural damage to the esophageal mucosal layer, gastric content reflux, or mixed reflux, among which forestomach ligation + incomplete pylorus ligation (42/158, 26.58%) was the most common modeling method; the key to constructing NERD animal models lies in micro-inflammation of the esophageal mucosa, visceral hypersensitivity, and emotional problems, and intraperitoneal injection of a mixed suspension of ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide combined with acid perfusion in the lower esophagus (8/14, 57.14%) was the most common modeling method; the key to constructing BE animal models lies in long-term inflammatory stimulation of the esophageal mucosa and bile acid reflux, and constructing interleukin 2-interleukin 1β transgenic mice (7/25, 28.00%) was the most common modeling method. Adverse psychological stress was the most common method for inducing liver depression.
Conclusions
2
The construction key principles and methodologies for RE, NERD, and BE animal models exhibit significant differences. Researchers should select appropriate models based on subtype characteristics (e.g., RE focusing on structural damage, NERD emphasizing visceral hypersensitivity). Current studies show insufficient exploration of traditional Chinese medicine disease-syndrome combination models. Future research needs to optimize syndrome modeling approaches (e.g., composite etiology simulation) and establish integrated Chinese-Western medicine evaluation systems to better support mechanistic investigations of traditional Chinese medicine.
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