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1.中国人民解放军医学院,北京市海淀区复兴路28号,100853
2.中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心
3.中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院
Received:31 July 2025,
Revised:2025-09-26,
Published:17 November 2025
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刘子涵,王硕,邹涛等.和胃安神方对失眠模型大鼠视交叉上核Glu/GABA-Gln循环的影响[J].中医杂志,2025,66(22):2368-2375.
LIU Zihan,WANG Shuo,ZOU Tao,et al.Effect of Hewei Anshen Formula (和胃安神方) on the Glu/GABA-Gln Cycle in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus of Insomnia Model Rats[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2025,66(22):2368-2375.
刘子涵,王硕,邹涛等.和胃安神方对失眠模型大鼠视交叉上核Glu/GABA-Gln循环的影响[J].中医杂志,2025,66(22):2368-2375. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2025.22.013.
LIU Zihan,WANG Shuo,ZOU Tao,et al.Effect of Hewei Anshen Formula (和胃安神方) on the Glu/GABA-Gln Cycle in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus of Insomnia Model Rats[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2025,66(22):2368-2375. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2025.22.013.
目的
2
从视交叉上核(SCN)中谷氨酸(Glu)/γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)-谷氨酰胺(Gln)循环探讨和胃安神方治疗失眠的可能作用机制。
方法
2
将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、艾司唑仑组与和胃安神方低、中、高剂量组,每组10只。除正常对照组外,其余各组大鼠采用腹腔注射对氯苯丙氨酸法构建失眠大鼠模型。大鼠造模成功后正常对照组和模型对照组予10 ml/kg生理盐水灌胃,艾司唑仑组予0.33 mg/(kg·d)艾司唑仑药液灌胃,和胃安神方低、中、高剂量组分别予1、2、4 g/ml浓度的和胃安神方药液以10 ml/kg灌胃,均每日1次,连续7天。试验期间观察大鼠一般情况并每天记录体质量。灌胃结束后采用戊巴比妥钠协同实验记录大鼠睡眠潜伏期和睡眠时间,采用Western Blot法和免疫荧光法检测大鼠SCN中Glu/GABA-Gln循环相关酶[谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)、γ-氨基丁酸转氨酶(GABA-T)、谷氨酰胺酶(PAG)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)]及转运体[γ-氨基丁酸转运体1(GAT-1)、γ-氨基丁酸转运体3(GAT-3)、谷氨酸转运体1(EAAT1)、谷氨酸转运体2(EAAT2)]的蛋白水平。
结果
2
与正常对照组同时间比较,模型对照组给药第1—7天体质量均降低(
P
<0.01)。与模型对照组同时间比较,给药第5、6、7天时,艾司唑仑组与和胃安神方中、高剂量组体质量升高(
P
<0.01)。与艾司唑仑组同时间比较,和胃安神方低剂量组第6天体质量降低(
P
<0.05)。与正常对照组比较,模型对照组睡眠潜伏期增加、睡眠时间缩短,SCN中GAD、EAAT1、EAAT2蛋白水平及荧光强度降低,GAT-1、GAT-3、GABA-T、PAG、GS蛋白水平及荧光强度升高(
P
<0.01)。与模型对照组比较,各药物干预组睡眠潜伏期缩短、睡眠时间增加,艾司唑仑组与和胃安神方高剂量组上述各指标均改善(
P
<0.05或
P
<0.01)。与艾司唑仑组比较,和胃安神方低、中、高剂量组睡眠时间缩短,和胃安神方低剂量组GAD、EAAT1、EAAT2蛋白水平降低,GAT-1蛋白水平及荧光强度升高,和胃安神方中剂量组EAAT1蛋白水平降低(
P
<0.05或
P
<0.01)。与和胃安神方高剂量组比较,和胃安神方低剂量组睡眠时间缩短,GAD、EAAT2蛋白水平降低,GAT-1蛋白水平及荧光强度升高(
P
<0.01)。
结论
2
和胃安神方可有效改善失眠模型大鼠的失眠状态,其作用机制可能与调节SCN中Glu/GABA-Gln循环相关酶与转运体有关,且以高剂量效果最佳。
Objective
2
To explore the possible mechanism of
Hewei Anshen Formula
(和胃安神方, HAF) in the treatment of insomnia by investigating the Glu/GABA-Gln
cycle in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).
Methods
2
Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, eszopiclone group, and HAF low-, medium-, and high-dose group, with 10 rats in each group. Except for the normal control group, insomnia model rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine. After the model was established, the normal and model control groups were given 10 ml/kg of normal saline by gastric gavage, while the eszopiclone group was given 0.33 mg/(kg·d) of eszopiclone by gastric gavage, and the low-, medium-, and high-dose HAF group was given 10 ml/kg of HAF by gastric gavage at concentrations of 1, 2, and 4 g/ml, respectively; all treatments were administered once a day for 7 consecutive days. During the experiment, the general condition of the rats was observed, and body weight was recorded daily. After the treatment, sleep latency and sleep duration were recorded using a pentobarbital sodium-induced experiment. The protein levels of Glu/GABA-Gln cycle-related enzymes including glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T), glutaminase (PAG), and glutamine synthetase (GS), and the transporters including GABA transporter 1 (GAT-1), GABA transporter 3 (GAT-3), glutamate transporter 1 (EAAT1), and glutamate transporter 2 (EAAT2)) in the SCN of the rats were measured using Western Blot and immunofluorescence methods.
Results
2
Compared to the normal control group, the body weight of the rats in the model control group decreased on day 1-7 of administration (
P
<0.01). Compared to the model control group, the body weight of the rats in the eszopiclone group and the medium- and high-dose HAF groups increased on day 5, 6, and 7 (
P
<0.01). Compared to the eszopiclone group, the body weight of the rats in the low-dose HAF group decreased on day 6 (
P
<0.05). Compared to the normal control group, the model c
ontrol group had an increased sleep latency, shortened sleep duration, and decreased relative expression of GAD, EAAT1, and EAAT2 proteins in the SCN, as well as increased expression of GAT-1, GAT-3, GABA-T, PAG, and GS proteins
(P
<0.01). Compared to the model control group, the sleep latency in all drug intervention groups was shortened, and sleep duration increased, with the eszopiclone group and the high-dose HAF group showing the most significant improvement (
P
<0.05 or
P
<0.01). Compared to the eszopiclone group, the sleep duration of all three HAF groups was shorter, with the low-dose HAF group showing a decrease in GAD, EAAT1, and EAAT2 protein expression, and an increase in GAT-1 protein expression as well as decrease in EAAT1 protein relative expression in medium-dose HAF group (
P
<0.05 or
P
<0.01). Compared to the high-dose HAF group, the low-dose group had a shorter sleep duration, decreased GAD and EAAT2 protein expression, and increased GAT-1 protein expression (
P
<0.01).
Conclusion
2
HAF can effectively improve the insomnia status in insomnia model rats. The mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of Glu/GABA-Gln cycle-related enzymes and transporters in the SCN, with the high dose showing the best effect.
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