Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy on Immune Reconstitution in Children after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation：A Retrospective Real-World Study

HUANG Baoyi; YI Lichen; LI Yanwei; HUANG Ke; XU Hua

doi:10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2026.06.008

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Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy on Immune Reconstitution in Children after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation：A Retrospective Real-World Study

更新时间：2026-03-17

- Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy on Immune Reconstitution in Children after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation：A Retrospective Real-World Study
- Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine Vol. 67, Issue 6, Pages: 630-638(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.广州中医药大学第一附属医院，广东省广州市白云区机场路16号，510405
  2.广东省中医临床研究院
  3.广州中医药大学
  4.中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院儿童医学中心
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2026.06.008
  CLC：
- Received：23 October 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-12-30，
  
  Published：17 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
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黄宝仪,易立琛,李燕维等.中医药疗法对造血干细胞移植后患儿免疫重建的影响——回顾性真实世界研究[J].中医杂志,2026,67(06):630-638.

HUANG Baoyi,YI Lichen,LI Yanwei,et al.Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy on Immune Reconstitution in Children after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation：A Retrospective Real-World Study[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,67(06):630-638.
黄宝仪,易立琛,李燕维等.中医药疗法对造血干细胞移植后患儿免疫重建的影响——回顾性真实世界研究[J].中医杂志,2026,67(06):630-638. DOI： 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2026.06.008.

HUANG Baoyi,YI Lichen,LI Yanwei,et al.Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy on Immune Reconstitution in Children after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation：A Retrospective Real-World Study[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,67(06):630-638. DOI： 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2026.06.008.

摘要

目的

基于真实世界观察中医药疗法对造血干细胞移植（HSCT）后患儿免疫重建的影响。

方法

通过回顾性队列研究纳入HSCT后患儿。观察组为HSCT后曾经接受连续12周中医辨证治疗者，对照组为HSCT后未接受中医药治疗者。应用倾向性评分卡钳匹配法控制混杂因素。通过多重线性回归探讨两组在观察组接受中药干预前后分别对应时点的免疫指标［包括淋巴细胞亚群（CD3

T细胞、CD3

CD4

T细胞、CD3

CD8

T细胞、CD3

CD19

B细胞、CD3

（CD16+CD56）

NK细胞、CD3

CD56

细胞的绝对值及以上细胞占淋巴细胞的比值、CD4

/CD8

比值、CD3

CD4

CD25

CD127

T细胞（Treg细胞）占CD3

CD4

T细胞的比值（Treg/CD4

）］、免疫球蛋白（IgA、IgG、IgM、IgE）及补体C3、C4水平的差异，并比较组内治疗前后免疫指标的变化；记录患儿随访时间并评估两组患儿HSCT后的总生存期。

结果

共纳入观察组31例，对照组56例，经倾向性评分匹配控制混杂因素后两组纳入各28例。治疗前观察组患儿Treg/CD4

T细胞比值高于对照组（

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101987996&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101987991&type=

2.28600001

2.62466669

＜0.05），其余免疫指标差异无统计学意义（

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988044&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988030&type=

2.28600001

2.62466669

＞0.05）。治疗后通过多重线性回归进行两组间比较，观察组CD3

T细胞比值高于对照组（

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988044&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988030&type=

2.28600001

2.62466669

＜0.05）。组内自身治疗前后比较，观察组治疗后CD3

CD4

T细胞绝对值及

其比值、IgE均较治疗前升高（

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988044&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988030&type=

2.28600001

2.62466669

＜0.01）；对照组治疗后CD3

CD4

T细胞绝对值及其比值、CD4

/CD8

比值、Treg/CD4

T细胞比值、IgE较治疗前升高（

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988044&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988030&type=

2.28600001

2.62466669

＜0.05或

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988044&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988030&type=

2.28600001

2.62466669

＜0.01）；对照组治疗后CD3

CD8

T细胞绝对值及其比值、CD3

CD56

细胞比值较治疗前下降（

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988044&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988030&type=

2.28600001

2.62466669

＜0.05或

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988044&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988030&type=

2.28600001

2.62466669

＜0.01）。两组平均随访（29.55±12.71）个月，观察组生存率96.43%，对照组生存率89.29%，两组患儿总生存期比较差异无统计学意义（

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988044&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=101988030&type=

2.28600001

2.62466669

＞0.05）。

结论

中医药疗法可整体改善HSCT后患儿的免疫功能，尤其明显提高CD3

CD4

T细胞的绝对值和比值。

Abstract

Objective

To explore the effect of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） therapy on the immune reconstitution of children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （HSCT） based on real-world study.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included children who had undergone HSCT. The observation group consisted of children who had received 12 consecutive weeks of TCM treatment after HSCT， while the control group included children who didn't receive TCM treatment after HSCT. Propensity sc

ore matching was used to control for confounding factors. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the differences in immune indicators between groups at corresponding time points before and after the observation group received TCM treatment. These immune indicators included lymphocyte subsets such as CD3

T cells， CD3

CD4

T cells， CD3

CD8

T cells， CD3

CD19

B cells， CD3

（CD16+CD56）

NK cells， and CD3

CD56

cells， along with their absolute values and ratios to total lymphocytes. Additionally， the CD4

/CD8

ratio and the ratio of CD3

CD4

CD25

CD127

T cells （Treg cells） to CD3

CD4

T cells （Treg/CD4

） were assessed. Immunoglobulins （IgA， IgG， IgM， IgE） and complement C3， C4 were also analyzed for differences. The changes in immune indicators before and after treatment within group were compared. The follow-up time was recorded， and the overall survival （OS） of children after HSCT was also evaluated.

Results

The retrospective cohort study included 31 children in the observation group and 56 in the control group. After propensity score matching to control for confounding factors， 28 children were included in each group. Before treatment， the Treg/CD4

T cell ratio in the observation group was higher than that in the control group （

＜0.05）， while other immune indicators showed no significant differences （

＞0.05）. After treatment， multiple linear regression comparison showed that the CD3

T cell ratio in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （

＜0.05）. Within-group comparisons showed that in the observation group， the absolute values of CD3

CD4

T cells and their ratios， as well as IgE， increas

ed significantly after treatment （

＜0.01）. In the control group， the absolute values of CD3

CD4

T cells and their ratios， the CD4

/CD8

ratio， the Treg/CD4

T cell ratio and IgE increased significantly after treatment （

＜0.05 or

＜0.01）. The absolute values of CD3

CD8

T cells and their ratios， as well as the CD3

CD56

cell ratio， decreased significantly after treatment （

＜0.05 or

＜0.01）. The average follow-up period of both groups was 29.55±12.71 months， with a survival rate of 96.43% in the observation group and 89.29% in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in OS between groups （

＞0.05）.

Conclusion

TCM therapy can significantly improve the immune function of children after HSCT， particularly by increasing the absolute value and ratio of CD3

CD4

T cells.

关键词

Keywords

references

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