Objective

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To construct a structured corpus of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） classics on jaundice， providing data support for modern clinical practice and scientific research on jaundice， and facilitating the deep mining and utilization of knowledge from traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） classics.

Methods

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Open-source digitized resources of TCM classics available on the internet were systematically integrated. Bibliometric methods were employed to construct a terminology database for jaundice. Python regular expressions were used for keyword matching and corpus extraction. A five-element information extraction model of "disease-syndrome-symptom-treatment-efficacy" was designed. Annotation guidelines were developed， and a standard test set was formed through back-to-back annotation by two annotators followed by arbitration through a third party. To select the optimal model for entity information extraction， two large language models， DeepSeek-R1 and ChatGPT-o3， were chosen for comparative performance evaluation by invoking their application programming interfaces （APIs） for entity extraction.

Results

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A TCM classics corpus for jaundice was constructed， encompassing 561 ancient books from the pre-Qin period to the Qing Dynasty， and 10

243 pieces of text. The comparative evaluation results showed that DeepSeek-R1 outperformed ChatGPT-o3 in the performance of entity recognition across all 17 entity types. Based on this optimized model DeepSeek-R1， 41

407 entities were extracted from the corpus， covering 17 entity types， including disease names （6238）， syndrome types （1622）， formulas （2631）， and Chinese medicinal herbs （2706）.

Conclusion

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The corpus constructed using DeepSeek-R1 large language model covers the essential syndrome differentiation and treatment elements for jaundice， laying a solid foundation for subsequent research on the historical evolution and syndrome differentiation and treatment rules of jaundice in TCM. It also provides a replicable technical paradigm for AI-driven knowledge mining from TCM classics.