Exploration on the Connotation and Application of the Three Aspects of "Dietary Inquiry" for "Appetite" "Eating Capacity" "Food Preference"

WANG Chengxiang; YANG Chen; ZHANG Xueping; HU Xinxin; WEI Wei; SU Xiaolan

doi:10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2026.09.016

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Exploration on the Connotation and Application of the Three Aspects of "Dietary Inquiry" for "Appetite" "Eating Capacity" "Food Preference"

更新时间：2026-05-08

- Exploration on the Connotation and Application of the Three Aspects of "Dietary Inquiry" for "Appetite" "Eating Capacity" "Food Preference"
- Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine Vol. 67, Issue 9, Pages: 1017-1022(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国中医科学院望京医院，北京市朝阳区花家地街6号，100102
  2.功能性胃肠病中医诊治北京市重点实验室
  3.应急总医院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2026.09.016
  CLC：
- Received：19 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-03-28，
  
  Accepted：19 March 2026，
  
  Published：02 May 2026
- 稿件说明：
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王承祥,杨晨,张雪萍等.“欲食”“能食”“喜食”之“问食”三要的内涵与应用[J].中医杂志,2026,67(09):1017-1022.

WANG Chengxiang,YANG Chen,ZHANG Xueping,et al.Exploration on the Connotation and Application of the Three Aspects of "Dietary Inquiry" for "Appetite" "Eating Capacity" "Food Preference"[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,67(09):1017-1022.
王承祥,杨晨,张雪萍等.“欲食”“能食”“喜食”之“问食”三要的内涵与应用[J].中医杂志,2026,67(09):1017-1022. DOI： 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2026.09.016.

WANG Chengxiang,YANG Chen,ZHANG Xueping,et al.Exploration on the Connotation and Application of the Three Aspects of "Dietary Inquiry" for "Appetite" "Eating Capacity" "Food Preference"[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,67(09):1017-1022. DOI： 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2026.09.016.

摘要

“问食”是中医问诊体系的核心环节，可分解为“欲食”“能食”“喜食”三个方面。其中“欲食”异常在于神明失司，枢机不利，问诊时应关注饥饿感与主动进食意愿，治疗当疏肝理脾、养神调神；“能食”异常在于气机的失调与形质的失常，问诊时应关注食物下行是否顺利及食后反应，治疗当降气除满、通腑消积；“喜食”异常源于五味所伤与脏气失衡，问诊时应关注偏嗜性质及食后舒适与否，辨清“胃喜”与“口喜”，治疗当谨辨苦欲、以味纠偏。通过细化问食内容，探讨不同维度下进食状态所反映的整体观念与辨证论治思想，可为脾胃病及相关疾病的临床诊疗提供参考。

Abstract

"Dietary inquiry" is a core component of the diagnostic system in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， which can be divided into three aspects including ap

petite， eating capacity， and food preference. Abnormalities in appetite are mainly attributed to dysfunction of the mind and impaired regulatory mechanisms. Clinical inquiry should focus on hunger sensation and the willingness to eat voluntarily. Treatment should aim to soothe the liver， regulate the spleen， nourish and calm the mind. Abnormalities in eating capacity are related to disorders of

movement and structural dysfunction， for which inquiry should focus on whether food descends smoothly and on postprandial reactions， and the corresponding treatment is descending

， relieving fullness， and promoting bowel movement and digestion. Abnormalities in food preference arise from damage caused by the five flavors and imbalance of visceral

， for which inquiry should focus on dietary preferences and whether eating brings comfort. It is important to distinguish between "stomach preference" and "oral preference"， and treatment should carefully differentiate flavor tendencies and correct imbalances through appropriate dietary flavors. By refining the content of dietary inquiry， this study explores how different dimensions of eating status reflect the holistic concept and syndrome differentiation-based treatment in TCM， providing a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of spleen and stomach diseases and related disorders.

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references

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