This article summarizes professor WEI Zixiao's clinical experience in the differentiation and treatment of diabetes mellitus complicated with urinary tract infection from the perspective of

taiyin

（太阴） and

shaoyin

（少阴）. Professor WEI takes

taiyin

and

shaoyin

in the six meridians as the core differentiation framework， and puts forward that the core pathogenesis lies in deficiency of both the spleen and kidney， and the dysfunction of

qi

transformation as the root， and damp-heat pouring downward as the branch. It is held that

xiaoke

（wasting-thirst， 消渴） and strangury originate from the same pathogenesis yet present distinct clinical manifestations. Chronic cases are mostly characterized by deficiency-excess complex， lingering and difficult to heal. In clinical practice， the disease is condensed into four syndromes，

taiyin

syndrome，

shaoyin

cold-transformation syndrome，

shaoyin

heat-transformation syndrome， and concurrent

taiyin

and

shaoyin

syndrome. The key therapeutic principle is to restore the transportation function of the

taiyin

（spleen） and to enhance the

qi

-transformation function of the

shaoyin

. The corresponding methods include tonifying the middle and replenishing

qi

， warming the kidney and transforming

qi

， nourishing yin and relieving strangury， as well as strengthening healthy

qi

and relieving strangury. Representative formulas include

Buzhong Yiqi Decoction

（补中益气汤），

Jisheng Shenqi Pill

（济生肾气丸），

Zhibai Dihuang Pill

（知柏地黄丸） combined with

Zhuling Decoction

（猪苓汤）， and

Buzhong Yiqi Decoction

combined with

Jisheng Shenqi Pill

， all with appropriate modifications. Bitter-cold medicinals are used cautiously， with emphasis on strengthening healthy

qi

and addressing both the root and the branch.