Objective To observe the effect of Modified Xiaoxianxiong Decoction（Minor decoction for relieving stuffiness in the chest） on inflammatory factors of atherosclerosis（AS） rats.Methods Sixty SD rats were randomized into blank control group

model group

simvastatin group

and Xiaoxianxiong group

with 15 in each

and AS models were established by high fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of vitamine D3.The blank group and model group were administered normal saline and the other two groups were treated with simvastatin or Modified Xiaoxianxiong Decoction of the same volume.Eight weeks later

blood fat

hemorheology

serum inflammatory factors and expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA were determined.Results The Modified Xiaoxianxiong Decoction could decrease the total cholesterol（TC）

triglycercide（TG）

low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）

reduce the whole blood viscosity in high

medium

and low cut

and reduce plasma viscosity

hematocrit

and platelet adherence.It could inhibit the expression of hs-CRP of endotheliocytes and make less gene expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1（P<0.01）.Modified Xiaoxianxiong Decoction is better than simvastatin in decreasing the inflammatory factor expression.Conclusion The Modified Xiaoxianxiong Decoction can effectively improve the blood fat

hemorheology

serum inflammatory factors

and expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA

functioning to intervene the inflammatory pathogenesis of AS rats.