Objective To explore the law of TCM syndrome distribution of benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH）.Methods Totally 540BPH cases were collected and their data were obtained from the four diagnostic methods of TCM based on the Questionnaire on the TCM Syndromology of Prostatic Hyperplasia.The analysis on the indicator frequency of symptoms

signs

tongue

and pulse collected from diagnosis

the analysis on the internal reliability of indicators

and the cluster analysis were carried out to summarize the TCM syndrome characteristics and the law of syndrome distribution of BPH.Results Eight BPH primary syndromes were summarized as :kidney yang deficiency of 256cases

blood stasis blocking the water passage of 238cases

kidney yin deficiency of 173cases

damp heat pouring down of 140cases

spleen qi deficiency of 127cases

phlegm turbidity stagnation of 92cases

liver qi stagnation of 46cases

and lung heat with qi stagnation of 32cases.Each patient had one or more syndromes.There were 3single syndromes involving 106cases （19.6%）

9compound syndromes

434cases （80.4%）.Of the 12syndromes

there was 1pure excess syndrome

32cases （5.9%）

4pure deficiency syndromes

154cases （28.5%）

and 7complicated excess and deficiency syndromes

354cases （65.6%）.Conclusion The kidney yang deficiency

blood stasis blocking the water passage

and kidney yin deficiency are the basic syndromes of BPH

which is commonly of the compound syndromes and complicated excess and deficiency syndromes in manifestation.