Objective To observe the effect and mechanism of Rongchang Capsule [capsule of Lurong（Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum） and Shichangpu（Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii）] on the neurogenesis and learning and memory abilities in young rats with cognitive impairment after epilepsy.Methods The Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into the normal group（n=16）

model group（n=18）

high-dose Chinese medicine group（n=16）

middle-dose Chinese medicine group（n=18）

low-dose Chinese medicine group（n=16） and western medicine group（n=18）.The rat models with cognitive impairment after epilepsy were induced by pentylenetetrazol kindling.The normal group was not treated.The model group was intragastrically administered with normal saline.The high-dose

middle-dose and low-dose Chinese medicine groups were intragastrically administered with 0.44 g/ml

0.22 g/ml and 0.11 g/ml Rongchang Capsule solution.The western medicine group was intragastrically administered with 40 mg/ml Depakine Solution.Each group was given intragastric administration 3 ml once

twice daily for 28 days.The brain tissue samples were drawn 24 hours or 28 days after labeling with 5-bromodeoxyuridine pyrimidine（BrdU）.The escape latency and platform crossing times were observed with water maze test before and after treatment.The morphology and number of BrdU-positive cell were detected and scored with BrdU immunohistochemistry.The ratios of BrdU/doublecortin（DCX）

BrdU/neuron-specific nuclear protein（NeuN） and BrdU/glial fibrillary acidic protein（GFAP） were calculated.Results Comparing with the model group

the escape latency in the western medicine group

high-dose Chinese medicine group and middle-dose Chinese medicine group was significantly shortened（P<0.05 or P<0.01）

and the shortening in the high-dose Chinese medicine group was more significant than those in middle-dose and low dose Chinese medicine groups（P<0.05）.The platform crossing times in the high-dose Chinese medicine group were significantly higher than those in the model group and low-dose Chinese medicine group（P<0.05）.Comparing with the model group

the BrdU immunohistochemistry scores were significantly decreased in the high-dose Chinese medicine group and western medicine group 24 hours after labeling with BrdU and in the high-dose Chinese medicine group

middle-dose Chinese medicine group and western medicine group 28 days after labeling with BrdU（P<0.05 or P<0.01）.Comparing with the model group

the ratios of BrdU/DCX and BrdU/NeuN were significantly lower in the western medicine group

high-dose Chinese medicine group and middle-dose Chinese medicine group（P<0.05 or P<0.01）.The ratio of BrdU/NeuN in the high-dose Chinese medicine group was significantly lower than that in the middle-dose and low-dose Chinese medicine groups（P<0.01）.There was no significant difference between groups in the ratio of BrdU/GFAP（P>0.05）.Conclusion Rongchang Capsule can improve the learning and memory abilities in rats with cognitive impairment after epilepsy.Its mechanism may be relevant to inhibiting the proliferation

abnormal migration and differentiation of neural precursor cells in dentate gyrus.