Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Shenfu Injection [injection of Renshen（Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng） and Fuzi（Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata）] combined with mechanical ventilation（MV） for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（AECOPD）.Methods Sixty cases of AECOPD were randomized into the treatment group and control group

with 30 in each.Both groups were given invasive-noninvasive sequential MV and basic treatment.The treatment group was added with intravenous infusion of 60ml Shenfu Injection once daily.The therapeutic effect was evaluated after treatment.The occurrence time of pulmonary infection control window

invasive MV time

total duration of MV

intensive care unit（ICU） stay time and total hospitalization time were recorded in both groups.The first occurrence time of pulmonary infection control window and the ventilation and circulation indicators after using noninvasive MV for 3 hours were detected.The ventilator-associated pneumonia（VAP） rate

extubation failure rate and mortality were recorded.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group and control group were 100% and 86.7% respectively

with a significant difference between groups（P<0.05）.The first occurrence time of pulmonary infection control window in the treatment group and control group was（4.17±0.41） days and（5.50±0.80） days respectively

with a significant difference between groups（P<0.05）.The PaO2 and PaCO2 were significantly improved in both groups after using noninvasive MV for 3 hours（P<0.05）.The arterial pH was significantly improved in the treatment group after using noninvasive MV for 3 hours as compared with the occurrence of pulmonary infection control window（P<0.05）.The invasive MV time

total duration of MV

ICU stay time and total hospitalization time in the treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group（P<0.05）.The VAP rate

extubation failure rate and mortality in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.01）.Conclusion The combo therapy of Shenfu Injection and MV is effective for AECOPD and it can shorten the invasive MV time and ICU stay time

increase the extubation success rate and reduce mortality.