Objective To examine the clinical effect and possible mechanism of Bushen Cupai Decoction（ 补肾促排方） treating polycystic ovarian syndrome（ PCOS） ovulation dysfunction infertility. Methods Fifty-six PCOS ovulation dysfunction infertility patients were collected and randomized into treatment group（ 28 cases） and control group（ 28 cases）. The treatment group was given Bushen Cupai Decoction orally from 5th day of menstruation

one dose every day. Medication stopped after ovulation by type-B ultrasonic monitoring. If there was no ovulation

patients should take the decoction until next menstruation. The control group was given clomifene citrate capsules orally from5 th day of menstruation

50 mg each time

once every day

for 5 days. Both groups were treated for 3 menstrual cycles. The size of folliole

the thickness of endometrium

as well as the level of follicle stimulating hormone（ FSH）

luteinizing hormone（ LH）

estradiol（ E

2

） and testosterone（ T） of patients in both groups were examined before and after treatment. The effect was evaluated by calculating ovulation rate and pregnancy rate after treatment. Results The total effective rate（ ovulation rate） was 82. 14% and 78. 57% in the treatment group and control group respectively. The difference was not significant（ P

>

0. 05）. The cure rate（ pregnancy rate） in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group（ P

<

0. 05）. After treatment

the size of folliole

the thickness of endometrium and the level of E

2

in the treatment group increased and the level of LH and T decreased（ P

<

0. 05）. After treatment

the thickness of endometrium and the level of E

2

in the treatment group were much higher than those in the control group. The level of LH and T were much lower（ P

<

0. 05 or P

<

0. 01）. Conclusion Bushen Cupai Decoction might obtain good pregnancy rate in treating PCOS ovulation dysfunction infertility. It might relate to improve follicular development and the level of reproductive hormones.