Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Shengxuebao Heji（ 生血宝合剂） in treating leukopenia induced by chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer（ NSCLC）. Methods The trial was randomized

double-blind

parallel controlled and multi-centered. The patients with leukopenia after chemotherapy for NSCLC were randomized into the treatment group（ 210 cases） and the control group（ 70 cases）. The treatment group was administered Shengxuebao Heji 15 ml

three times each day on one day before the next round of chemotherapy

while the control group was given Anduolin Capsule（ 安多霖胶囊） 4 capsules

three times each day. Both groups were treated for 3weeks. The researchers observed the change of peripheral white blood cell amount and leukopenia grading before and after treatment

as well as the efficacy of Chinese medicine syndrome

the efficacy of single symptom and Karnofsky score. Results After treatment

the peripheral white blood cell amount increased than that before treatment in both groups（ P < 0. 05）. And the peripheral white blood cell amount after treatment in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group

so was the difference before and after treatment（ P < 0. 05） in the treatment group. After treatment

the incidence of Ⅱ

Ⅲ and Ⅳ degree of leukopenia in the treatment group（ 2. 85%） was lower than that in the control group（ 4. 29%

P < 0. 05）. The overall response rate of Chinese medicine syndrome in the treatment group（ 88. 1%） was significantly better than that in the control group（ 60. 00%

P <0. 05）. The efficacy of single symptom

such as fatigued spirit and lack of strength

dizziness

palpitations and shortness of breath and dysphoria

in the treatment group was better than that in the control group（ P < 0. 05）. Conclusion Shengxuebao Heji could prevent and treat the leukopenia after chemotherapy for NSCLC and improve the cancer-related fatigue after chemotherapy.