Objective To explore the possible mechanism of Yikun Yitongping Keli（ 益坤抑痛平颗粒） in relieving adenomyosis（ AM） patients’ dysmenorrheal. Methods Thirty Institute of Cancer Research（ ICR） mice were randomized into blank group

model group and herb group

10 mice in each group. Mice in the model group and the herb group were made AM models by oral tamoxifen citrate tablet method. After successful modeling

the blank group and the model group were given normal saline 10 μl/（ g·d） by gavage. The herb group was given Yikun Yitongping Keli suspension 15 μl/（ g·d） by gavage. All groups were treated for 8 weeks. Uterine morphology of mice in each group was observed by naked eye. Uterus weight was weighted. The nerve growth factor（ NGF） in endometrium and the receptor P75 expression of mice in each group were detected. Results The uterus surface of mice in the blank group was smooth; no abnormal nodules were found on the surface of the uterus. Adenomyosis nodules could be seen on the surface of the uterus of mice in the model group and the herb group. Uterus weight of mice in the herb group and the model group were higher than that in the blank group（ P < 0. 05）. The deficiency of uterus weight of mice in the herb group and the model group was not significant（ P > 0. 05）. The deficiency of NGF protein expression of mice in each group was not significant（ P > 0. 05）. P75 expression in endometrium of mice in the model group was higher than that in the blank group while P75 expression in endometrium of mice in the herb group was lower than that in the blank group（ P < 0. 05）. Conclusion Yikun Yitongping Keli might relieve AM-ralated dysmenorrheal by reducing the expression of NGF receptor P75 in endometrium.