Objective To examine the inhibitory effect of Shumai Jiaonang on lower extremity artery intimal hyperplasia in model rats with lower extremity artery postoperative restenosis（ PRS）. Methods Thirty-two Sprague Dawley（ SD） rats were randomized into a model group

a sham operation group（ n = 7 in each group）

the Shumai low

medium and high dose groups（ n = 6 in each group）. Lower extremity artery restenosis models were made by dilated catheter with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty（ PTCA） through left femoral artery to make left common iliac artery injury in rats in each group

except those in the sham operation group. No balloon injury was made in sham operation group. From the 2 nd day of operation

the Shumai low

medium and high dose groups were given 0. 0324

0. 0648 and 0. 1296 g/ml of Shumai Jiaonang turbid liquid by gavage

respectively. The model group and the sham operation group were given normal saline by gavage. The dose was 1 ml of solution per 300 g body weight

and the treatment lasted for 8 weeks. At the 4 th week after operation

the intimal thickness and lumen diameter of left iliac artery of rats in each group were measured by color doppler ultrasound. At the 8 th week after operation

vascular histomorphology was examined by hematoxylin and eosin（ HE） stain and elastic fiber staining. The maximum intimal thickness and intimal area were measured. The area ratio of tunica intima and tunica media was calculated. Results At the 4 th week after operation

rats’ left iliac artery thickened and roughened in the model group

as well as the Shumai low

medium and high dose groups. Intimal thickness and lumen diameter of iliac artery in the model group

and the Shumai low

medium and high dose groups were higher than those in the sham operation group（ P < 0. 05）. At the 8 th week

cross section of iliac artery HE stain and elastic fiber staining showed that rats’ intima was obviously thickened; there were large number of smooth muscle cells in neointima in all the groups except the sham operation group. The neointima area of the rats in the model group was the biggest

followed those in the Shumai low dose group

the Shumai medium dose group

and the Shumai high dose group. There were significant differences in neointima area among the 4 groups（ P < 0. 05）

as well as between the sham operation group and each of other groups（ P < 0. 01）. Conclusion Shumai Jiaonang might inhibit the lower extremity artery intimal hyperplasia in lower extremity artery PRS model rats

improve the circulation and relieve arterial stenosis.