Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of Guben Fangxiao Decoction（ 固本防哮饮） in the treatment of bronchial asthma during remission. Methods A total of 36 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a normal group

a model group

a montelukast sodium group

a Guben Fangxiao Decoction prevention group

a Guben Fangxiao Decoction high-dose group and a Guben Fangxiao Decoction equivalent dose group

with 6 mice in each group. Except the normal group

the other groups were induced by ovalbumin sensitization

nebulization combined with respiratory syncytial virus to establish a mouse model of bronchial asthma during remission. After the model was established

the normal group and the model group were given 20 ml/kg of distilled water for intragastric administration. The equivalent dose and high dose group of Guben Fangxiao Decoction were given 24

36 g/（ kg·d）

respectively. In the montelukast sodium group

montelukast sodium tablets were administered 2. 6 mg/（ kg·d） intragastrically once a day for 28 days. The Guben Fangxiao Decoction prevention group was given a daily dose of 24 g/（ kg·d）of Guben Fangxiao Decoction on the first day of sensitization for 83 days. The pathological changes of lung tissue in mice were compared between the groups. The expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin（ TSLP）

thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor（ TSLPR） and GATA3 mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Western blotting was used to detect TSLP.

TSLPR

GATA3 protein expression levels. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine serum TSLP

TSLPR protein expression. Results The pathological results showed that the airway epithelium was smooth in the normal group

the bronchial lumen was smooth

and there was no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration. In the model group

the airway epithelium was incomplete

and the alveolar wall was thickened. The airway mucosa and submucosa could see a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration in the perivascular tissue; the pathological inflammation of lung tissue in the treatment group and the montelukast sodium group were all reduced compared with the model group

and the pathological difference of each treatment group was not obvious. Compared with the normal group

the expression of TSLP

TSLPR and GATA3 mRNA and protein in the lung tissue of the model group was significantly increased（ P < 0. 05）. Compared with the model group

the expressions of TSLP

TSLPR and GATA3 mRNA and protein in lung tissue of each group were decreased（ P < 0. 05）. There was no significant difference in the expression of TSLP and TSLPR protein in serum of each group（ P > 0. 05）. Conclusion Guben Fangxiao Decoction can improve the pathological changes of lung tissue in the remission period of bronchial asthma.The mechanism may be to inhibit the expression of TSLP

TSLPR and GATA3 in lung tissue

correct the shift of Th1/Th2 in lung tissue

and regulate the immune function of the body.