Objective To investigate the differences of intestinal flora in patients with ulcerative colitis（UC） of different traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndromes. Methods Stool samples from 19 UC patients were collected. After syndrome differentiation

patients were divided into a spleen-deficiency damp-heat syndrome group of8 cases

a cold-heat mixing syndrome group of 5 cases

a liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome group of 4 cases

and a spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome group of 2 cases. Each group used 16 SrDNA sequencing technology to conduct statistical analysis of the metabolism of intestinal flora and flora in each group. Results Each group of samples contained 15 known phylums and 182 genera. In all the samples

the dominant bacteria phylums were Firmicutes

Bacteroides and Proteobacteria

which accounted for 51. 71%

34. 09%

11. 97% respectively in the spleen-deficiency and damp-heat syndrome group

and 46. 50%

34. 49%

10. 50% in the cold-heat mixing syndrome group

60. 57%

34. 04%

3. 31% in the liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome group

and38. 58%

50. 61%

9. 76% in the spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome group. There were 75 genus appeared in all groups. There were 23 specific genera in the spleen-deficiency damp-heat syndrome group

10 specific genera in the cold-heat mixing syndrome group

13 specific genera in the liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome group and 1 specific genera in the spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome group. There were significant differences among the 4 groups of bacteria genus in the intestinal flora of each group. There were statistical difference in Brevibacterium

Parabacillus

Thermomonas and Skatoga in intestinal flora of different type of UC patients（P <0. 05）

among them

Parabacillus had the lowest content in the liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome group（0. 06%）. For the intestinal flora metabolic pathway

it was found that the cold-heat mixing syndrome group had higher expression of carotenoid biosynthesis and proteasome metabolism in 2 statistically significant metabolic pathways（P < 0. 05）. Conclusion The composition of intestinal flora and the metabolic characteristics of in UC patients with different TCM syndrome types are obviously different. The decrease of the content of Parasitic genus is highly related to the syndrome of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency. It might be the potential diagnostic biomarkers for diagnosis of UC patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome.