Objective To explore the possible mechanism of Yiqi Tongluo Granules（益气通络颗粒） in treating stroke. Methods The fetal rats were taken out after anesthesia at about 18 days of pregnancy

and the primary cortical neurons were extracted and divided into a blank control group

a model group

and a Yiqi Tongluo Granules high

medium and low dose groups（100

50 and 25 mg/ml

the dosage volume was 100μl）

5 holes in each group. All groups but the blank control group were treated with oxygen and sugar deprivation. After 3 hours of oxygen glucose deprivation and 24 hours of reoxygenation

the cell viability

cytotoxicity

mitochondrial membrane potential（JC-1）

reactive oxygen species（ROS）

and adenosine triphosphate（ATP） expression were observed in each group of neurons. Results Compared with the blank control group

the cell viability

mitochondrial membrane potential

and ATP content of the model group were significantly reduced

and the cytotoxicity and ROS content were significantly increased（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group

cell viability

mitochondrial membrane potential

and ATP content of Yiqi Tongluo Granules high

medium dose groups increased significantly

cytotoxicity and ROS content decreased significantly

and the cytotoxicity of Yiqi Tongluo Granules low dose group also decreased significantly（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Compared with Yiqi Tongluo Granules low dose group

the cytotoxicity and ROS content of Yiqi Tongluo Granules high and medium dose groups decreased

and the mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content increased

and cell viability of Yiqi Tongluo Granules high dose group increased（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Compared with Yiqi Tongluo Granules medium dose group

the cell viability of Yiqi Tongluo Granules high dose group increased

and the ROS content decreased（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Conclusion Yiqi Tongluo Granules can significantly increase the cell viability of hypoxic neurons

and its mechanism may be to reduce mitochondrial damage by regulating ROS and ATP production.