Objective To study the effects of using modified Wenyang Tongqiao Decoction（温阳通窍汤） after endoscopic surgery on mucosa remodeling of chronic rhinosinusitis patients. Methods A total of 140 patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis were randomly divided into a Chinese medicine group and a control group with 70 cases in each group. After endoscopic surgery

patients in the Chinese medicine group received modified Wenyang Tongqiao Decoction（温阳通窍汤）

and hemostatic medicine and postoperative cleaning were applied routinely in both groups. Three and six months after surgery

nasal sinus outcome measurements 20-Item（SNOT-20） and Lund-Kennedy scores were respectively adopted to evaluate improvement of symptoms and signs in both groups. The surgical sinus mucosa was also stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining

alison blue periodic acid Schiff staining

and Masson trichrome collagen staining. The numbers of eosinophils

goblet cells

and subepithelial glands and mucosal epithelial damage were compared between groups. Results The SNOT-20 and Lund-Kennedy scores of the 2 groups of patients were significantly lower than before surgery（P<0.01） 3 and 6 months after nasal endoscopy; In the traditional Chinese medicine group

SNOT-20 and Lund-Kennedy scores were higher than that of the control group 3 and 6 months after operation（P<0.05）. The number of eosinophils and goblet cells decreased in the 2 groups of patients 6 months after surgery compared with that 3 months after surgery（P<0.01）

and the number of eosinophils and goblet cells in the Chinese medicine group was less than that in the control group 3 and 6 months after operation（P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the grade distribution of number of subepithelial glands and nasal mucosal epithelial damage（P>0.05） in comparison between 3 and 6 months after operation of both groups

or between two groups at the same time point. The thickness of the band-like hyperplasia in the Chinese medicine group and the control group were（20.23±2.50） μm and（24.73±3.51） μm at 3 months after surgery respectively

and were（8.89±2.20） μm and（13.71±3.38） μm at 6 months after surgery. The difference between groups was statistically significant at the same time（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of modified Wenyang Tongqiao Decoction（温阳通窍汤） after endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis can improve patients′ symptoms

reduce mucosal eosinophil infiltration

goblet cell metaplasia and extracellular matrix deposition

and inhibit nasal mucosa remodeling.