Essential hypertension（EH） is a polygenic hereditary disease caused by the combined action of genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetics is closely related to environmental factors and genetic factors

and environmental factors may cause changes in blood pressure by affecting the epigenetics of EH-related genes. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndrome

as a functional state reflecting the body responses to internal and external environments and pathogenic factors

is consistent with the dynamic law of epigenetics. Microribonucleic acid（miRNA） is an apparent modification method

and can change the genetic phenotype by modifying the genome without changing the sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid（DNA）. The renin-angiotensin system（RAS） plays an important role in regulating blood pressure

and the angiotensin-converting enzyme-angiotensin Ⅱ-angiotensin Ⅱ receptor type 1（ACE-AngⅡ-AT1） axis is the classic metabolic pathway of RAS. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2（ACE2） hydrolyzes AngⅡ to produce Ang（1-7）

and Ang（1-7） acts on Mas receptors to relax blood vessels

all of which is the ACE2-Ang（1-7）-Mas axis. The regulatory factors of gene expression and signal transduction may be closely related to the biological control mechanism of different TCM syndromes. The ACE-AngⅡ-AT1 axis

ACE2-Ang（1-7）-Mas axis and the interaction between their targeted miRNAs with internal and external environment may provide a biological foundation to clarify the possible mechanism of the formation of different syndromes of EH

and then to reveal the essence of TCM syndromes of EH.