With the development of technology and the Internet， the medical researches have ushered in the era of big data， and therefore big data-based researches are increasingly important in the development of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. From the perspective of life science thinking researches， interrelationship and life aesthe-tics， this paper discussed the challenges and opportunities faced by TCM clinical medicine in the era of big data， so as to further improve the construction of medical thinking system in TCM clinical medicine and provide philosophical basis for future researches in the era of big data.