首都医科大学附属北京中医医院,北京市东城区美术馆后街23号,100010
收稿:2022-02-22,
修回:2022-03-31,
纸质出版:2022-10-02
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冯晴殷,王少松,王鑫等.“百会”“四神聪”放血对颅内低灌注模型大鼠脑微梗死及神经血管耦合功能的影响[J].中医杂志,2022,63(19):1872-1879.
FENG Qingyin,WANG Shaosong,WANG Xin,et al.Effects of Bloodletting at “Baihui (DU 20)” and “Sishencong (EX-HN1)” on Cerebral Microinfarcts and Neurovascular Coupling in Intracranial Hypoperfusion Model Rats[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2022,63(19):1872-1879.
冯晴殷,王少松,王鑫等.“百会”“四神聪”放血对颅内低灌注模型大鼠脑微梗死及神经血管耦合功能的影响[J].中医杂志,2022,63(19):1872-1879. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2022.19.014.
FENG Qingyin,WANG Shaosong,WANG Xin,et al.Effects of Bloodletting at “Baihui (DU 20)” and “Sishencong (EX-HN1)” on Cerebral Microinfarcts and Neurovascular Coupling in Intracranial Hypoperfusion Model Rats[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2022,63(19):1872-1879. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2022.19.014.
目的
2
探讨“百会”“四神聪”放血对颅内低灌注模型大鼠认知障碍的影响及可能作用机制。
方法
2
30只SD 大鼠随机分为实验组、模型组、空白组各10只。实验组、模型组采用双侧颈总动脉结扎法建立颅内低灌注大鼠模型。实验组造模1周后开始给予“百会”“四神聪”放血,每周一、三、五放血,干预4周,共12次;模型组及空白组大鼠不做干预。各组大鼠干预4周后采用Morris水迷宫评价大鼠认知行为学改变,包括隐蔽平台实验(持续5天,记录每天逃避潜伏期时间)和空间探索实验(隐蔽平台实验结束24 h后开始,记录大鼠平台象限停留时间、平台位置穿越次数、平台象限游泳距离)。水迷宫实验完成后取大鼠脑组织进行HE染色,根据染色结果统计脑微梗死灶数量,观察脑白质损伤情况并分为0度、Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度;免疫组织化学法测定大鼠脑组织髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)、花生二烯酸(AA)、神经胶质抗原2(NG2)蛋白表达;ELISA法检测大鼠外周血清一氧化氮(NO)含量。
结果
2
与空白组同时间比较,模型组和实验组大鼠Morris水迷宫隐蔽平台实验第5天逃避潜伏期延长(
P
<0.05);与模型组同时间比较,实验组大鼠第5天逃避潜伏期缩短(
P
<0.05)。各组大鼠Morris水迷宫空间探索实验平台位置穿越次数、平台象限游泳距离比较差异无统计学意义(
P
>0.05);与空白组比较,模型组大鼠平台象限停留时间缩短(
P
<0.05);与模型组比较,实验组大鼠平台象限停留时间延长(
P
<0.05)。与空白组比较,模型组大鼠脑组织中脑微梗死灶数量增多,脑白质损伤程度分级以Ⅱ度为多,脑组织MBP、NG2、AA蛋白表达和外周血清NO含量升高(
P
<0.05);与模型组比较,实验组大鼠脑白质损伤程度分级以0度和Ⅰ度为主,脑组织MBP、NG2蛋白表达和外周血清NO含量降低,AA蛋白表达升高(
P
<0.05);与模型组比较,实验组大鼠脑微梗死灶数量有减少趋势但两组比较差异无统计学意义(
P
>0.05)。
结论
2
“百会”“四神聪”放血可以改善颅内低灌注模型大鼠的认知功能,减轻脑白质损伤程度,其机制可能与调节皮质神经元介导的神经血管耦合通路相关。
Objective
2
To investigate the effect and possible mechanism of bloodletting at
Baihui
(DU 20) and
Sishencong
(EX-HN1) on cognitive impairment caused by hypoperfusion.
Methods
2
Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into treatment group, model group and blank group with 10 rats in each group. Intracranial hypoperfusion rat model was established in the treatment group and the model group by bilateral common carotid artery ligation. One week after successful modeling, bloodletting treatment at
Baihui
(DU 20) and
Sishencong
(EX-HN1) was given to the rats in the treatment group, administered on every Monday, Wednesday and Friday for 4 weeks, 12 times in total. No intervention was performed in the model group and blank group. Morris water maze was used to evaluate the cognitive behavior changes of rats after 4-week intervention, including hidden platform experiment continuously for five days to record daily escape latency time, and space exploration experiment 24 h later to record the time in platform quadrant, number of platform crossings,and swimming distance in the platform quadrant. After water maze experiment, the brain tissues of the selected rats were sacrificed for HE staining to calculate the number of cerebral microinfarcts and observe the white matter injury (grading as 0, Ⅰ and Ⅱ). The protein expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), arachidonic acid (AA) and glial antigen 2 (NG2) were determined by immunohistochemistry. The serum NO content was detected by ELISA.
Results
2
Compared to that of the blank group, the latency time of escape in Morris water maze test was significantly prolonged in model group and treatment group (
P
<0.05), and prolonged latency time was also found in the model group compared to treatment group (
P
<0.05). There was no significant difference in the number of platform crossings and the swimming distance in the platform quadrant between groups (
P
>0.05). The time in platform quadrant in the model group was shorter than that in the blank group (
P
<0.05), and was also shortened compared to that of treatment group (
P
<0.05). The number of cerebral microinfarcts in brain tissue increased, with mostly grade Ⅱ damage of cerebral white matter, and the protein expression of MBP, NG2 and AA in the brain tissue and peripheral serum NO content increased in the model group than the blank group (
P
<0.05). Compared to those in the model group, the damage degree of cerebral white matter was mainly at grade 0 and I, and the protein expression of MBP and NG2 in brain tissue and peripheral serum NO content decreased, while the expression of AA protein increased in the treatment group (
P
<0.05). The number of cerebral microinfarcts showed a decreasing trend in the treatment group compared to the model group, but there was no statistical difference (
P
>0.05).
Conclusion
2
Bloodletting at
Baihui
(DU 20) and
Sishencong
(EX-HN1) can improve the cognitive function of intracranial hypoperfusion model rats and alleviate the damage degree of cerebral white matter, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of neurovascular coupling pathway mediated by cortical neurons.
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