1.黑龙江中医药大学,黑龙江省哈尔滨市香坊区和平路24号,150040
2.黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院
kuangzou1965@163.com
收稿:2022-05-02,
修回:2022-11-14,
纸质出版:2023-03-17
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白露,邹伟,王珑.基于文献的假针刺在针刺干预抑郁障碍临床研究中的应用分析[J].中医杂志,2023,64(06):633-640.
BAI Lu,ZOU Wei,WANG Long.The Use of Sham Acupuncture in Clinical Researches for Depressive Disorder: A Literature Analysis[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2023,64(06):633-640.
白露,邹伟,王珑.基于文献的假针刺在针刺干预抑郁障碍临床研究中的应用分析[J].中医杂志,2023,64(06):633-640. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2023.06.015.
BAI Lu,ZOU Wei,WANG Long.The Use of Sham Acupuncture in Clinical Researches for Depressive Disorder: A Literature Analysis[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2023,64(06):633-640. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2023.06.015.
目的
2
分析针刺干预抑郁障碍临床研究中假针刺的应用现状,为今后假针刺对照的设计与应用提供参考。
方法
2
计算机检索中国知网和PubMed数据库,检索时间为两建库至2022年4月15日,并手工检索针刺治疗抑郁障碍系统评价中纳入的临床研究文献。收集针刺治疗抑郁障碍的临床随机对照试验中对照组运用假针刺的文献,对研究中盲法实施情况、假针刺针刺位点的选择和干预方式、针刺留针时间、疗效指标及研究结果进行总结分析,并对文献质量进行评价。
结果
2
共纳入文献15篇,其中中文7篇,英文8篇;针刺方式包括毫针针刺(7篇,46.7%)和电针(8篇,53.3%)。假针刺对照的针刺位点选择包括对目标疾病无治疗意义的穴位(7篇,46.7%)、治疗组取穴旁的邻近非穴(5篇,33.3%)、治疗组同穴位(3篇,20.0%)。假针刺对照的干预方式以针刺刺入为主(12篇,80.0%),多为浅刺的方式;其他为不刺入(3篇,20.0%),通过特殊针具Streitberger针、Park针来实现。留针时间在20 min至2 h,以30 min居多(60.0%)。研究均以抑郁量表作为疗效指标,有13篇研究结果显示相较于假针刺,真实针刺治疗后有效率更高,但其中6篇报告两者间差异无统计学意义,另2篇显示假针刺对照有效率更佳,但与真针刺差异亦无统计学意义。14项研究采用了随机分组,且仅有1项研究没有进行分配隐藏,为低风险偏倚。9项研究没有成功实施盲法,存在较高风险偏倚。文献总体质量不高。
结论
2
目前针刺干预抑郁障碍临床研究中,假针刺位点选择、干预方式、留针时间以及盲法的实施等均缺乏规范、统一的标准,迫切需要完善针灸临床试验假针刺对照的设计与实施方法以提高假针刺研究的质量。
Objective
2
To analyze the application status of sham acupuncture in the study on depressive disorder, and to provide ideas for future design and use of sham acupuncture.
Methods
2
CNKI and PubMed database were searched from the inception to April 15th, 2022, and the reference lists of the systematic reviews of acupuncture for depressive disorder were manually reviewed. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for depressive disorder that used sham acupuncture as control were included. Data including the implementation of the blinding method in the study, the selection of acupoints and the manipulation method of sham acupuncture, needling retention time, efficacy indicators and research results were collected and analyzed. The quality of the study was evaluated.
Results
2
A total of 15 articles were included, of which seven were in Chinese and eight in English. Acupuncture explored included hand acupuncture with filiform needling (7 articles, 46.7%) and electroacupuncture (8 articles, 53.3%). The acupoints used for sham acupuncture included those with no therapeutic effect for the target disease (7 articles, 46.7%), non-acupoint next to the acupoints in the treatment group (5 articles, 33.3%), and the same acupoints in the treatment group (3 articles, 20%). The manipulation methods of the sham acupuncture were mainly penetration (12 articles, 80.0%) with shallow needling as the most, followed by non-penetration (3 articles, 20.0%) using special needling instrument such as Streitberger needle and Park needle. Needling retention time ranged from 20min to 2h, most of which was 30min (60.0%). All the studies used the depression scale as the efficacy indicator, for which 13 studies favored acupuncture than sham acupuncture, while 6 studies reported no statistical difference between the two groups, and the other two showed that sham acupuncture was more effective but with no significant difference. Randomization method was reported in 14 studies, and allocation concealment was not performed in one study, being evaluated as low risk of bias. Blinding was not successfully implemented in 9 studies, having a high risk of bias. The overall quality of the literature was not high.
Conclusion
2
At present, there are no uniformed standards for the acupoint selection of sham acupuncture, manipulation methods, needling retention time, and blinding implemention in the research of acupuncture for depressive disorder. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the design and implementation of sham acupuncture in the research, so as to improve the quality of sham acupuncture research.
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