This paper summarized Professor PI Chiheng's experience in treating diabetic nephropathy （DN） using the method of warming

yang

， nourishing

yin

， and invigorating blood by stages. It is believed that

yang

deficiency and

yin

depletion are the key pathological mechanisms of DN， with blood stasis running throughout the disease's progression. The general treatment principle is to warm

yang

， nourish

yin

， and invigorate blood， with different emphases at each stage. For early stage， the disease is characterized by spleen

qi

deficiency and insufficiency of

qi

and

yin

， which could be treated by modified

Shenqi Dihuang Decoction

（参芪地黄汤） to tonify

qi

and invigorate blood， strengthen

yang

and consolidate

yin

； for middle stage， the disease is marked by spleen and kidney

yang

deficiency with internal dampness accumulation， which could be treated by modified

Zhenwu Decoction

（真武汤） and

Sanren Decoction

（三仁汤） warming

yang

and to resolve dampness and unblock meridians； for the late stage， the disease is characterized by blood stasis and toxin accumulation with deficiency of both

yin

and

yang

， which could be treated by modified

Jisheng Shenqi Pill

（济生肾气丸） to eliminate pathological masses and remove toxins， warm

yang

and nourish

yin.

Additionally， traditional Chinese medicine therapies such as rubbing with ointment （Gao Mo therapy） are utilized as adjunct treatments， treating the root and branch simultaneously and combining internal and external approaches.