1.北京中医药大学,北京市朝阳区北三环东路11号,100029
2.中国中医科学院广安门医院
tongxiaolin@vip.163.com
收稿:2024-08-30,
修回:2025-04-24,
纸质出版:2025-07-02
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韦宇,张莉莉,周凌等.2型糖尿病患者证素分布及并发症风险的回顾性横断面研究[J].中医杂志,2025,66(13):1363-1368.
WEI Yu,ZHANG Lili,ZHOU Ling,et al.Syndrome Element Distribution and Complication Risks in Type 2 Diabetic Patients:A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2025,66(13):1363-1368.
韦宇,张莉莉,周凌等.2型糖尿病患者证素分布及并发症风险的回顾性横断面研究[J].中医杂志,2025,66(13):1363-1368. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2025.13.011.
WEI Yu,ZHANG Lili,ZHOU Ling,et al.Syndrome Element Distribution and Complication Risks in Type 2 Diabetic Patients:A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study[J].Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2025,66(13):1363-1368. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2025.13.011.
目的
2
基于最高体重指数(maxBMI),探讨2型糖尿病患者中医证素及其与并发症风险的关系。
方法
2
采用回顾性横断面研究设计,收集住院2型糖尿病患者的临床资料,提取患者年龄、性别、吸烟史、饮酒史、2型糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平、并发症以及中医证型,根据中医证型提取病位证素与病性证素。通过电话调查患者自我报告的最高体重,计算maxBMI;将maxBMI≥24 kg/m
2
患者分为脾瘅组,maxBMI<24 kg/m
2
的分为消瘅组。分析两组患者中医证型及证素分布情况。再采用倾向性评分匹配方法平衡两组间基线特征,比较两组患者的证型、证素分布差异及大血管、微血管并发症风险。
结果
2
纳入1178例2型糖尿病患者,其中1034例脾瘅组患者的病位证素前三位的为脾(351例,33.95%)、肝(240例,23.21%)、胃(139例,13.44%),而144例消瘅组患者病位证素前三位的为脾(57例,39.58%)、肝(34例,23.61%)、肾(17例,11.81%);病性证素方面,脾瘅患者以气虚(481例,46.52%)、痰(353例,22.73%)、湿(241例,23.31%)多见,而消瘅患者则以气虚(84例,58.33%)、阴虚(44例,30.56%)多见。经过倾向性评分匹配后,两组患者各132例,在病位证素分布上的差异无统计学意义(
P
>0.05),但脾瘅组患者的痰证素显著高于消瘅组患者(
P
=0.006)。在并发症风险方面,脾瘅患者发生大血管并发症的风险显著高于消瘅患者(
OR
=2.04,
P
=0.010),而在微血管并发症的发生方面,两组间差异无统计学意义(
P
>0.05)。
结论
2
病性证素痰在2型糖尿病脾瘅患者中更常见,脾瘅患者大血管并发症风险高于消瘅患者。
Objective
2
To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome elements in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients based on maximum body mass index (maxBMI) and explore their association with complication risks.
Methods
2
A retrospective cross-sectional study was used to collect clinical data from hospitalized T2DM patients, extracting age, gender, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, duration of disease, HbA1c level, complications, and TCM syndromes, and extracting the syndrome elements of disease location and disease nature based on their TCM syndromes. MaxBMI was calculated by telephone survey of patients' self-reported maximum body weight; patients with maxBMI ≥24 kg/m
2
were classified into spleen-heat syndrome group, and those with maxBMI <24 kg/m
2
were classified into consumptive-heat syndrome group. The distribution of TCM syndrome types and syndrome elements of patients in the two groups were analysed. Then the propensity score matching method was used to balance the baseline characteristics between the two groups and compare the differences in the distribution of syndrome types and syndrome elements and the risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications between the two groups.
Results
2
Among the 1178 T2DM patients, syndrome elements in spleen-heat patients (1034 cases) were primarily located in the spleen (351 cases, 33.95%), liver (240 cases, 23.21%), and stomach (139 cases, 13.44%), while in consumptive-heat patients (144 cases), they were concentrated in the spleen (57 cases, 39.58%), liver (34 cases, 23.61%), and kidneys (17 cases, 11.81%); regarding syndrome elements of disease nature, spleen-heat patients were predominantly characterized by
qi
deficiency (481 cases, 46.52%), phlegm (353 cases, 22.73%), and dampness (241 cases, 23.31%), whereas consumptive-heat patie
nts showed more
qi
deficiency (84 cases, 58.33%) and
yin
deficiency (44 cases, 30.56%). After propensity score matching, 132 cases were included in each group, and no statistically significant differences were observed in the distribution of syndrome elements of disease location between the two groups (
P
>0.05), but the phlegm element was significantly more prevalent in spleen-heat patients than in consumptive-heat patients (
P
= 0.006). Regarding the risk of complications, spleen-heat patients had a significantly higher risk of developing macrovascular complications compared to consumptive-heat patients (
OR
=2.04,
P
=0.010), while no significant differences were found between groups in the occurrence of microvascular complications (
P
>0.05).
Conclusion
2
The spleen-heat T2DM patients show a more frequent syndrome element of disease nature of phlegm, and a higher risk of developing macrovascular complications compared to consumptive-heat patients.
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