Objective To observe the clinical effect of retention enema with Zhitong Rushen Decoction （Decoction to stop pain miraculously） for chronic non-specific ulcerative proctitis （CNUP）.Methods Totally 120 CNUP cases were randomized into treatment group and control group with 60 in each.Both groups were administered Mesalazine sustained release granules for oral taking

1g each time

3 times a day

additionally

the treatment group was given Zhitong Rushen Decoction for retention enema and the control group was prescribed the placebo for retention enema

totally 8 weeks.Before and after treatment

main symptoms and pathological changes of intestinal mucosa observed by colonoscope were scored respectively

and the clinical effect and untoward effect were observed.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 88.4% while that of the control group 78.3%

showing significant difference between （P<0.05）.After treatment

the scores of main symptoms and pathological changes of intestinal mucosa observed by colonoscope

RBC and WBC count in the stool routines of both groups were lowered （P<0.05）

however

those of the treatment group were more significantly than those of the control group （P<0.05）.The incidence of untoward effect in the treatment group and the control group was 25% and 35% respectively

without statistical difference between （P>0.05）.Conclusion The retention enema with Zhitong Rushen Decoction is effective to relieve the clinical symptoms and signs and decrease the RBC and WBC count in the stool routines of the CNUP patients.