Cold damage and warm diseases may be confused with each other by similarities in clinical manifestations， especially in the symptoms of fever， aversion to co1d and absence of sweating. Through literature review and based on clinical practice， four issues have been proposed to help differentiate cold damage and warm diseases. Firstly， it is suggested to put focus on accompanying symptoms of “fever， aversion to co1d and absence of sweating”. For patients accompanied with prominent respiratory symptoms such as sore swelling throat， expectoration of yellow phlegm， chest oppression and pain， it may be considered as

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（太阴） warm diseases， and the preferred treatment method is clearing heat and resolving toxins. Regarding the accompanied symptoms of skin and joint pain， it is suggested to treat it as cold damage with the method of releasing the exterior with acrid-warm medicinals. Secondly， modern tests such as routine blood examination and chest CT should be fully utilized. If there is pneumonia， the preferred treatment should be clearing heat and resolving toxins for

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warm diseases. Thirdly， the treatment plan should be adjusted according to the therapeutic effect， especially in those who are not responding to the treatment. Lastly， it is suggested to treat both conditions in case of coexistence of cold damage and warm diseases.